Computer Threats

From Viruses to Cybercrime
In the past, PCs were mainly under threat from viruses and worms. The main purpose of these programs was to spread; however, some programs were also designed to cause damage to files and PCs. Such malicious software, or “malware”, could be described as ‘cyber vandalism’. In the majority of cases, the goal of viruses and worms was to spread as much as possible, with a high infection rate leading to fame for that program.
But in recent years, the situation has changed drastically.
Today, the biggest threat faced by computers is crimeware. This malicious software is written by cybercriminals with the purpose of making money illegally. Crimeware may take the form of viruses, worms, Trojans or other malicious programs.

Computer Contents and Control

ICANN / ICM
A gTLD (generic top-level domain) for sexually explicit material was proposed as one tool for dealing with the conflict between those who wish to provide and access such material through the Internet, and those who wish to prevent access to it, either by children and adolescents, or by employees at their workplaces.
Advocates of the idea argue that it will be easy for parents and employers to block the entire TLD, rather than using more complex and error-prone content-based filtering, without imposing any restrictions on those who wish to access it.
Critics of the idea argue that because there is no requirement for providers of explicit content to use the TLD, sexually explicit material will still be commonplace in other domains, making it ineffectual at restricting access, and simply creating a new "landrush" as registrants of .com domains hosting explicit material attempt to duplicate their registrations in the .xxx domain, competing with operators who hope to register desirable names unavailable in other TLDs. There is also concern that the existence of .xxx will lead to legislation making its use mandatory for sexually explicit material, leading to legal conflicts over the definition of "sexually explicit", free speech rights, and jurisdiction. RFC 3675, entitled ".sex Considered Dangerous", discusses some of these objections. Meanwhile, the United States Department of Commerce has objected to the creation of this domain in response to complaints that it would legitimize pornography.[3] This has been backed by many conservative Christian groups in America such as the American Family Association.
Some of the objections to an .xxx domain (for instance the difficulty of legislating consistent worldwide morality) would be mitigated if the domain were a subdomain of a country-specific domain.
ICANN approved a proposal by ICM Registry, Inc. to implement .xxx as a sponsored top-level domain. ICM said it would charge $60/year for domains. The process for registrations was not immediately disclosed. In December 2005, discussions about the implementation of .xxx were taken off the agenda of ICANN Governmental Advisory Committee, placing its future in doubt; in its March 2006 meeting, the GAC formulated a letter of concern to the ICANN board about .xxx.
Considering all this, the ICANN board revoked its approval on May 10, 2006.
However, the establishment of such a domain name remains possible, as United States Senators Max Baucus (D., Montana) and Mark Pryor (D., Arkansas) have proposed to mandate its creation through legislation; it is unclear how such legislation could place a binding obligation to establish .xxx on ICANN without jeopardizing the argument that ICANN is not a US-controlled body.
On January 6, 2007, ICANN put up for public comment a revised proposal[4] following changes to the policy of the ICM registry including the policing of any site that signs up to use the .xxx registry.[5] On March 30, 2007, ICANN rejected the .xxx proposal for the third time, citing that the board did not want to get in the business of content regulation, especially when the definition of "pornography" varies by jurisdiction. Other groups have spoken out against the domain as well. Adult website owners feel the exclusive domain for their sites would turn adult websites into an "online ghetto." Religious leaders, on the other hand, fear it would "legitimize and expand" the number of adult websites. ICM was quoted as saying they would "likely" file a lawsuit against ICANN.[6]

Computer Ethics And Legal Issues

Introduction To Computer Ethics
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The introduction of the World Wide Web in 1990 has catalyzed the expansion of the Internet, which is still growing today at unprecedented rates. The recent growth of the Internet has resulted not only in an increase in the amount of available knowledge, but in an increase in the problems inherent to its usage and distribution. It has become clear that traditional rules of conduct are not always applicable to this new medium, so new ethical codes are now being developed.
Ethics, in the classical sense, refers to the rules and standards governing the conduct of an individual with others. As technology and computers became more and more a part of our everyday lives, we must understand that the problems that have always plagued business and conduct will continue to be a problem. In fact, a new medium can provide even more difficult questions of judgement. In other words, since the introduction of the World Wide Web, the definition of ethics has evolved, too. A new type of ethics known as computer ethics has emerged. Computer ethics is concerned with standards of conduct as they pertain to computers.
Why do we need computer ethics?
the growth of the WWW has created several novel legal issues
the existence of new questions that older laws cannot answer
traditional laws are outdated/anachronistic in this world
a more coherent body of law is needed to govern Internet and computers Three of the more pressing concerns in computer ethics today are questions of copyright, privacy, and censorship, all of which are discussed in greater detail in the following three sections. Other problems exist as well, though. One problem is that many domain names (www.whateverishere.com) are being bought and sold to the highest bidder. For example, recently a man bought the name www.drugs.com and auctioned it off. Many people are purposely buying up company names and selling them to those companies at outrageous prices. President Clinton calls these people 'Squatters' and wants to pass a law forbidding them to buy up already existing company names. Is this fair? Don't these people have a right, under capitalism, to make money this way? Or is it near-blackmail?
Many people have been tricked my e-mail scams, claiming that they will make you a millionaire. It is the same sort of pyramid scheme that exists over telephone or mail, but no laws covered it for a while. Also, many email chain letters have allowed urban legends to spread at an accelerated rate and created alarm over hoaxes concerning many food and drug products. These emails only bog down email systems and servers, but do not seem to be ending. Some advertisers also email unsolisisted ads to email users, in a practice known as spamming.
Computers present us not only with vast new potential in technology, but also in ethics. Morality must play catch-up to technology that has leap-frogged ahead. Without a knowledge of computer ethics, you will not be fully equipped to enter the new world of online society - and you will need to enter that world, whether you choose a career in art, programming, business, or anything else.
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IMPACTF OF ICT

Impact Of Ict In Society - Presentation Transcript
Muhammad Shakir bin Ahmad Faiz 4D Impact of ICT on Society
Introduction
Information and communication technologies or ICT is about digital information passing between devices. ICT development has changed every aspect to the human society. It has affected our life in many ways.
The Impact of ICT on Society
A.) Faster communication speed
- In the past, it took a long time for any news or messages to be send. Now with the internet, news or messages are sent via
e-mail to friends,business partner or anyone efficiently.
- with the capability of bandwith, broadband and connection speed on the internet, any information can travel fast at an instant. It saves time and is inexpansive
B.) Lower Communication Speed
- Using the internet is cost-effective than the other mode of communication than the other mode of communication such as telephone, mailing or Korea Service. It allows people to have access to large amounts of data at a very low cost.
- With the internet we do not have to pay for any basic services provided by the internet. Furthermore, the cost of connection to the internet is relatively cheap.
C.) Paperless environment
- ICT technology has created the term paperless environment. This term means information can be stored and retrieved through the digital medium instead of paper. Online communication via email, online chat and instant messages also helps in creating the paperless environment.
D.) Effective Sharing of Information
- People can share and exchange opinions, news and information through discussion groups, mailing list and forums on the internet. This enable knowledge sharing which will contribute to the development of a knowledge based society
E.) Social problems
There are some of negative effects of ICT.
Nowadays, people tend to choose online communication rather than having real time conversations.
People tend to become more individualistic and introvert theft, hacking, pornography and online gambling. This will result in moral decadent and generate threat to the society
E.) Health Problems
A computer may harm the user if they use it if they use it for a long hours frequently.
Computers users are also exposed to bad posture, eyestrain, physical and mental stress.
In order to solve the health problems, an ergonomic chair can reduced back strain and a screen filter is to minimize eyestrain.
Conclusion
ICT is redefining the economic, social and cultural scene
The impact of ICT is much more and further reaching than any other technology invented so far
ICT is empowering society in both the economic and social contexts
Digital Divide is increasing among and within nations
The Government should recognise that communication and knowledge are two intertwined success factors
New challenges for governance and institutions be
Source
http://google.com
http://www.apdip.net
note

ICT

Information technology
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Information technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is "the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware."[1] IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely retrieve information.
Today, the term information has ballooned to encompass many aspects of computing and technology, and the term has become very recognizable. IT professionals perform a variety of duties that range from installing applications to designing complex computer networks and information databases. A few of the duties that IT professionals perform may include data management, networking, engineering computer hardware, database and software design, as well as the management and administration of entire systems. Information technology is starting to spread farther than the conventional personal computer and network technology, and more into integrations of other technologies such as the use of cell phones, televisions, automobiles, and more, which is increasing the demand for such jobs.
When computer and communications technologies are combined, the result is information technology, or "infotech". Information technology is a general term that describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information.
In recent days ABET and the ACM have collaborated to form accreditation and curriculum standards for degrees in Information Technology as a distinct field of study separate from both Computer Science and Information Systems. SIGITE is the ACM working group for defining these

PLACE HOLIDAY

Holiday In Malaysia Video

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Holiday In Malaysia
If you are one who take a great deal of time to plan for your holiday, why not view the selection of videos from the various tourist attractions in Malaysia? The saying "A Picture Paints A Thousand Words" is make even more profound with the invention of video. Many of us would want to see with our own eyes whether what others have described is really what we perceived to be.
The collection of videos below show the islands, beaches, mountains, resorts, theme parks, shopping complexes and other interesting places of holiday in Malaysia to help you plan your itinerary during your holiday here. Get a broadband connection for a good streaming video picture. If you only have dial up connection, press the pause button and wait for a while for the video data to be stored into your computer memory before clicking the play button.
See the welcome message of former Malaysia Prime Minister, Datuk Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.

computer virus

A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself[1] and infect a computer. The term "virus" is also commonly but erroneously used to refer to other types of malware, adware, and spyware programs that do not have the reproductive ability. A true virus can only spread from one computer to another (in some form of executable code) when its host is taken to the target computer; for instance because a user sent it over a network or the Internet, or carried it on a removable medium such as a floppy disk, CD, DVD, or USB drive. Viruses can increase their chances of spreading to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by another computer.[2][3]
As stated above, the term "computer virus" is sometimes used as a catch-all phrase to include all types of malware, adware, and spyware programs that do not have the reproductive ability. Malware includes computer viruses, worms, trojans, most rootkits, spyware, dishonest adware, crimeware, and other malicious and unwanted software, including true viruses. Viruses are sometimes confused with computer worms and Trojan horses, which are technically different. A worm can exploit security vulnerabilities to spread itself automatically to other computers through networks, while a Trojan is a program that appears harmless but hides malicious functions. Worms and Trojans, like viruses, may harm a computer system's data or performance. Some viruses and other malware have symptoms noticeable to the computer user, but many are surreptitious and go unnoticed

MULTIMEDIA

EMultimedia adalah media dan kandungan yang menggunakan kombinasi kandungan berbeza bentuk. Istilah ini boleh digunakan sebagai kata benda (media dengan kandungan beberapa bentuk) atau sebagai kata sifat yang menggambarkan sebuah media sebagai memiliki kandungan beberapa bentuk. Istilah ini digunakan dalam media yang kontras dengan hanya menggunakan bentuk-bentuk tradisional dicetak atau tangan-bahan yang dihasilkan. Multimedia merangkumi kombinasi teks, audio, gambar diam, animasi, video, dan bentuk kandungan interaktiviti.Multimedia biasanya dirakam dan bermain, dipaparkan atau diakses oleh peranti pemprosesan isi maklumat, seperti komputer dan peranti elektronik, tetapi boleh juga menjadi sebahagian daripada sebuah live performance. Multimedia (sebagai kata sifat) juga menggambarkan media elektronik peranti yang digunakan untuk menyimpan dan pengalaman kandungan multimedia. Multimedia dibezakan daripada campuran media dalam seni rupa; oleh termasuklah audio, misalnya, ia mempunyai lingkup yang lebih luas. Istilah "rich media" adalah sinonim untuk multimedia interaktif. Hypermedia boleh dianggap sebagai salah satu aplikasi multimedia tertentu.nter teks atau laman Web